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Crops & Grains फसलें और अनाज

Complete growing encyclopedias for Indian crops and grains — from wheat to ragi. Sowing season, crop care, harvesting methods, nutrition and traditional Indian uses.

Indian crops और grains की complete growing encyclopedia — wheat से ragi तक। Sowing season, crop care, harvesting methods, nutrition और traditional Indian uses।

36 Edibles

🌿 All Edibles 🥬 Vegetables 🍎 Fruits 🌿 Herbs & Medicinal 🌾 Crops & Grains

🌾 Crops & Grains ⭐ Featured 🌱 Hard

Cotton / Kapas

कपास / कपाज़

Gossypium hirsutum (American Upland — 90% India) | G. arboreum (Desi cotton)

Cotton / Kapas — 3,000 BCE Indus Valley. Bt cotton pink bollworm RESISTANCE crisis — Bollgard II needed. Raw cottonseed = toxic (gossypol). Refined oil = safe. Organic cotton 20-40% premium. MSP Rs.8,008/qt.

Cotton Kapas Bt Resistance Crisis

🌍 Indus Valley 3,000 BCE — India's oldest fiber crop. India = world's largest producer (with China). View Guide →

🌾 Crops & Grains 🌱 Medium

Jute / Paat / Golden Fiber

जूट / पाट / सोना रेशा

Corchorus olitorius (Tossa — finer fiber) | C. capsularis (White — flood tolerant)

Jute / Paat — young leaves are EDIBLE (Pat shaak Bengal + Mulukhiyah = Egypt's national dish!). Most people don't know this. Plastic ban + geotextile = growing demand. Indigo Revolt 1859 historical crop.

Jute Paat Leaves Edible Pat Shaak

🌍 Bengal delta indigenous — India = world's largest producer. WB + Bihar + Assam primary. View Guide →

Flaxseed Alsi Farming India — ALA Omega-3 Lignan Rabi Crop Encyclopedia

🌾 Crops & Grains ⭐ Featured 🌱 Easy

Flaxseed / Alsi / Linseed

अलसी / तीसी

Linum usitatissimum

Flaxseed / Alsi — ALA Omega-3 1,460% RDA (world's richest plant source!). Lignans 800x any other food. MUST GRIND — whole flaxseed passes undigested (zero benefit!). Ground: use within 2 weeks. 30,000 BCE crop!

Flaxseed Alsi ALA 1460% World Richest

🌍 30,000 BCE Georgia — oldest cultivated crop! India 5,000+ years. MP = primary producer. View Guide →

Safflower Kusum Farming India — Drought Tolerant Dual Income Saffron Substitute Encyclopedia

🌾 Crops & Grains 🌱 Easy

Safflower / Kusum / Karad

कुसुम / करड / कार्डाई

Carthamus tinctorius

Safflower / Kusum — most drought tolerant oilseed (200mm rainfall!). DUAL INCOME: seed oil + petals (Rs.400-800/kg). Highest smoke point oil (265°C). Saffron color substitute. WEAR GLOVES — very sharp spines!

Safflower Kusum 200mm Most Drought Tolerant

🌍 Indus Valley 2,500 BCE — ancient India indigenous oilseed. Maharashtra 60%+ national output! View Guide →

Castor Arandi Farming India — Ricin Warning Industrial Oil Gujarat Encyclopedia

🌾 Crops & Grains 🌱 Medium

Castor / Arandi / Castor Bean

अरंडी / एरंड

Ricinus communis

Castor / Arandi — India = 85-90% WORLD production! Seeds contain RICIN (world's most toxic substance — NEVER eat!). Processed oil = 700+ industrial uses (Castrol = literally Castor-ol!). Gujarat rain-fed Rs.1.4 lakh/ha net.

Castor Arandi India 85-90% World

🌍 Africa/India — India = world's 85-90% castor oil producer! Gujarat = 80%+ India production. View Guide →

🌾 Crops & Grains 🌱 Hard

Tobacco / Tambaku

तम्बाकू / तमाखू

Nicotiana tabacum (commercial) | N. rustica (country tobacco — very high nicotine)

Tobacco — India's 3rd largest producer. FCV = India's most specialized farming (Rs.3-3.5 lakh/ha). Topping + suckering mandatory. Auction at Chirala/Guntur. Full health context: 1.3 million Indian deaths annually.

🌱 FCV Rabi: nursery Oct-Nov, transplant Dec-Jan | Topping + suckering MANDATORY for yield ⏱️ FCV: 90-120 days field | Curing 5-7 days in barn | SAP auction Chirala/Guntur | Rs.200-400/kg avg

Tobacco Tambaku FCV Most Specialized

🌍 Americas — India cultivation post-16th century. India = world's 3rd largest producer. View Guide →

🌾 Crops & Grains ⭐ Featured 🌱 Medium

Indigo / Neel / Blue Gold

नील / इंडिगो / नीला सोना

Indigofera tinctoria (true indigo) | I. arrecta (African)

Indigo / Neel — "Blue Gold" that inspired Indigo Revolt 1859 (Gandhi's first satyagraha!). NOW making comeback: sustainable denim + GOTS demand. Rs.1,500-4,000/kg dried. Jeans blue science explained.

Indigo Neel Blue Gold

🌍 India native — "Blue Gold" dominated global trade for centuries. Indigo Revolt 1859 = Gandhi's inspiration! View Guide →

🌾 Crops & Grains ⭐ Featured 🌱 Hard

Black Pepper / Kali Mirch

काली मिर्च / मरीच

Piper nigrum — perennial woody climbing vine. 30-40 year life!

Black Pepper — Vasco da Gama 1498 = specifically for THIS! Piperine makes turmeric 2,000% more absorbable. Same berry = 4 peppers (black/white/green/red). Phytophthora kills vine in DAYS. Fresh grind = essential.

Black Pepper King of Spices Piperine Curcumin 2000%

🌍 Kerala Western Ghats native — "King of Spices." Vasco da Gama 1498 = specifically for pepper! View Guide →

Cardamom Elaichi Farming India — Queen of Spices Idukki Forest Encyclopedia

🌾 Crops & Grains ⭐ Featured 🌱 Hard

Cardamom / Elaichi / Queen of Spices

इलायची / एलाइची

Elettaria cardamomum (green/small) | Amomum subulatum (large/black — Sikkim)

Cardamom / Elaichi — Western Ghats = ONLY natural habitat on Earth. World's 3rd most expensive spice. Post-meal elaichi = scientifically validated (breath + digestion). Manganese 1,200% RDA. Gulf Arabic coffee = biggest market.

Cardamom Elaichi Only Natural Habitat Western Ghats

🌍 Western Ghats India — ONLY natural habitat on Earth! Queen of Spices. World's 3rd most expensive. View Guide →

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Showing 9 of 36 edibles

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AI-Assisted Content — Please Read

AI-सहायता से बनाई गई सामग्री — कृपया पढ़ें

All tools, plant encyclopedias, edible growing guides and blog content on PlantCare are created with the assistance of AI (Artificial Intelligence) and are intended for general informational and educational purposes only. While we strive for accuracy, the information provided may not be complete, current or suitable for every situation, region or individual plant variety.

For health, medical or serious agricultural decisions — always consult a qualified horticulturist, agronomist, Ayurvedic practitioner, medical professional or relevant expert. PlantCare does not take responsibility for outcomes arising from use of this information. Identification results from AI tools (plant identifier, pest identifier etc.) should be verified before taking any action.

इस वेबसाइट पर सभी tools, plant encyclopedias, edible guides और blog content AI (Artificial Intelligence) की सहायता से बनाए गए हैं और केवल सामान्य जानकारी और शिक्षा के उद्देश्य से हैं। स्वास्थ्य, चिकित्सा या गंभीर कृषि निर्णयों के लिए कृपया किसी योग्य विशेषज्ञ से संपर्क करें। PlantCare इस जानकारी के उपयोग से होने वाले परिणामों के लिए जिम्मेदार नहीं है।

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